The contemporary world is experiencing unprecedented transformations, with cultural exchange and mutual learning emerging as crucial catalysts for advancing human civilization, peace, and development. China and Germany, situated at opposite ends of the Eurasian continent, possess rich and distinctive cultural traditions. Germany, the birthplace of modern publishing and the center of the European book industry, complements China's position as a major publishing nation actively promoting cultural "going global". The exchange between Chinese and German publishing industries carries a distinctive responsibility for facilitating dialogue between Eastern and Western civilizations and fostering people -to -people connections. Since establishing their comprehensive strategic partnership in 2014, publishing exchanges have intensified, offering a significant lens through which to examine the practical pathways of civilizational mutual learning. Based on statistical data from both nations' publishing industries, public records of book translation projects, book fair exhibition data, and related research, this article systematically analyzes the exchange status between China and Germany across three dimensions: market-oriented copyright trade operations, cultural translation practice of book translation, and platform aggregation of international book fairs, over the past decade since the establishment of a comprehensive strategic partnership. The analysis acknowledges significant challenges amid shifting international political and economic landscapes, rapid development of digital technologies, and persistent cultural cognitive differences. These challenges include: copyright trade vulnerability to bilateral relations and global market fluctuations; translation practices constrained by historical precedents and cognitive biases, with urgent talent shortages; and international book fairs' accelerated value transformation post-pandemic, where technological disparities may create new barriers. In response, this research proposes a three-dimensional pathway for optimizing Sino-German publishing exchanges: establishing a long-term cooperation network led by the government, coordinated across departments, and deeply involving publishing institutions, to enhance the resilience of exchanges; addressing translation challenges through enhanced roles for sinologists, innovating the talent training system, embracing technological empowerment, and unblocking channels for deep cultural dialogue; and maximizing book fairs' interpersonal network value through strengthened exhibition linkages and expanded cooperation across the "culture+" industry chain. The enhancement of Sino-German publishing exchanges holds significance not only for bilateral knowledge sharing and mutual understanding but also demonstrates how nations with diverse cultural backgrounds can overcome obstacles to achieve effective knowledge dissemination and cultural exchange.